Omega-3 is a fatty acid that is commonly found in oily fish. One of the key sources is fish with the highest concentration being in oily fish. It is usually referred to as DHA (docosahexanoic acid) and EPA (eicosapentanoic acid) - the two forms of Omega-3, which are essential in supporting normal development of the brain both in utero and in early life.

A European consensus conference recently¹ debated and made recommendations on the consumption of the Omega-3 fatty acids for pregnant and lactating women. A minimum recommendation of 200 mg of DHA daily was agreed and could well become an official EU recommendation. This amount can be provided in the normal diet by the consumption of two portions of fish weekly (one of which should be oily fish e.g. mackerel, salmon, pichards, trout, sardines, kippers and fresh but not tinned tuna) however, evidence from the NDNS survey indicate that in reality very few people eat oily fish.

DHA must be deposited in the infant's brain in adequate amounts during foetal and early postnatal life and is essential for normal development of the nervous system. Several studies have shown an association between maternal dietary intake of oily fish and fish oil supplements with visual and cognitive development of infants. Some but not all studies have shown that maternal intake of Omega-3 fatty acids (from diet or supplements) results in a slightly longer gestation, higher birthweight and may reduce the risk of current preterm delivery¹.

In summary, oily fish is one of the main sources of Omega-3. Women should be encouraged to eat oily fish on at least one occasion, and no more than 2 occasions, per week.